近日,华南理工大学杨晓锋和林章凛(现任职于广东工业大学生物医药学院)课题组联合中粮营养健康研究院有限公司、清华大学通过分子动力学模拟、生化技术、自组装酶聚集体(self-assembling enzyme aggregates,SEAs)策略,设计获得了热稳定性和操作鲁棒性大幅提升、可产业化的D-阿洛酮糖3-差向异构酶(DAEase)。该工作以“Enhancing the stability of a novel D-allulose 3-Epimerase from Ruminococcus sp. CAG55 by interface interaction engineering and terminally attached a self-assembling peptide”为题目在领域Top期刊《International Journal of Biological Macromolecules》上发表。华南理工大学生物科学与工程学院和中粮营养健康研究院联合培养的博士研究生王靖为第一作者。文章链接: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131986。
D-阿洛酮糖(D-allulose)是一种可作为功能性甜味剂的低热量天然稀有糖,具有降糖、减脂、抗氧化等功效,被普遍认为是理想的蔗糖替代品。食品工业上主要采用D-阿洛酮糖3-差向异构酶(DAEase,EC 5.1.3.30)催化D-果糖来生产D-阿洛酮糖。然而,酶法生产工业化应用瓶颈在于目前的DAEase热稳定性和操作鲁棒性较差,难以适配工业生产要求。
研究者首先基于对D-阿洛酮糖3-差向异构酶家族序列的分析,选择了从人类肠道细菌瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus sp. CAG55的基因组中挖掘并证实了新型DAEase酶 Rum55。基于结构预测和分子动力学模拟,筛选出了最优突变体E268N,在50 oC的半衰期是Rum55的3.1倍。并解析了该稳定性提升的机制是通过提升界面相互作用稳定Rum55四聚体所致。由此设计界面相互作用更强的突变体E268R,其半衰期是Rum55的4.1倍。进一步,通过C端融合自组装肽得到有序自组装酶聚集体E268R-ELK16,半衰期达到Rum55的30.1倍。E268R-ELK16具有类似于“无载体固定化酶”的特性,可重复使用且操作鲁棒性高。特别的是,通过稳定Rum55的四聚体结构,可以大大降低DAEase酶对Co2+的依赖。该工作为DAEase的产业化应用提供了工业酶,且为多聚体酶的热稳定性和操作鲁棒性改造提供了新思路。
Fig.5. (A) Gel filtration chromatography analysis of Rum55 molecular mass and tetramer stability of Rum55, E268N, E268R incubated without Co2+ for a week at 4 °C. The standard proteins included β-amylase (200 kDa), alcohol dehydrogenase (150 kDa), bovine serum albumin (66 kDa) and carbonic anhydrase (29 kDa). The red dot indicates the tetramer and dimer of Rum55. (B) Comparison of the interface interactions between Rum55 (E192, D194, R218, and E268, MolA labeled with lightpink color, MolB labeled with lemon color) and CcDAE (E190, D192, R216, and E265, MolA labeled with lightblue color, MolD labeled with wheat color). Residues are shown as sticks, and electrostatic interactions are shown as dashed lines. (C) Half-life of variant E268R at 50 °C. (D) Analysis of residue E119 at the interface between MolA (lightpink) and MolC (cyan). Residues are shown as sticks, and interactions are shown as dashed lines.
Fig. 6. (A) SDS-PAGE results for SAP-fused Rum55 expression. M, protein marker; CS, supernatant of the cell lysate; CP, precipitate of the cell lysate. (B) Half-life of variant Rum55-ELK16, E268N-ELK16 and E268R-ELK16 (without 0.1 mM Co2+) at 50 °C. (C) Half-life of variant E268R-ELK16 (with 0.1 mM Co2+) at 50 °C. (D) Reusability of variant E268N-ELK16 and E268R-ELK16.