The treatment of tumor mainly includes surgical excision, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapy. These methods treat cancer either by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation or by activating immune cell to kill tumor cell. However, the efficiency of monotherapy is not satisfying. Although researchers have found that combination of two or three methods could improve the responsive rate of drugs, combination therapy needs lots of experimental tests and medical costs.  

 Owing to these problem mentioned above, our team found that CD155 could be an appropriate target, which was proven to own a dual function on tumor cell and tumor microenvironment. On one hand, CD155 as an oncogene which could regulate the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cell. On the other hand, CD155 was identified as an inhibitory immune checkpoint which could bind with TIGIT on NK and T cell to suppress the cytotoxic function of these two cells. So, we supposed to get a double effect by targeting CD155. Based on previous experiments, we encapsulated siRNA targeting CD155 into a cationic lipid-assisted PEG5K-PLGA11K nanoparticle (CLANsiCD155) by double emulsion method. We demonstrated that CLANsiCD155 could efficiently delivery siCD155 into tumor cell and tumor-infiltrating macrophage to downregulate CD155 on both two cells. This strategy could efficiently suppress the growth of melanoma by inhibiting the proliferation of melanoma cell and activating NK as well as T cell to attack melanoma cell. This strategy realized an dual function by targeting one molecule. Research article title was “Dually Regulating the Proliferation and the Immune Microenvironment of Melanoma via Nanoparticle-Delivered siRNA Targeting Onco-Immunologic CD155”, which was published on Biomaterials Science.  

The first author of the paper is Doctoral candidate Wang Yan, and the corresponding authors are Professor Wang Jun, assistant professor Xu Congfei and post-doctor Luo Yingli. South China University of Technology is the first signature unit and the communication unit of the paper. This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and so on. （Original article from Wang Yan）

The link of full text was showed as follow: https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2020/bm/d0bm01420f.